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Sometimes you want to have an individual OLAP DML statement or expression work against a subset of data without actually changing the current status list of a dimension. To support this need, some OLAP DML statements allow you to specify the name of a previously-defined valueset object instead of the name of a dimension. Additionally, on-the-fly, you can specify a data subset without changing the current status list of dimensions using one of the following:
The CHGDIMS function which, during the evaluation of expression, changes the dimensionality of an expression or changes the dimension status.
The LIMIT function which, during the evaluation of expression, returns the dimension or dimension surrogate values that result from a specified LIMIT command or a specified dimension status stack.
Use a qualified data reference (QDR) which is a way of limiting one or more dimensions of an expression to a single value when you want to specify a single value of a data object without changing the current status.